Differential Growth describes a surface that grows at different rates in different locations. Biological systems can create complex forms from the interaction of physical properties of a surface and simple controls of growth rates over time. Source - Nervous System
Circle Packing    
Differential Curve Growth     
2D - Splitting or  Differential Curve Growth  is an algorithm  to divide a polyline  into smaller segments  to  fill up a  constraining volume  or surface  while preventing self-intersection through the use of circle packing.
Closed Mesh Differential Growth    
Open Mesh Differential Growth      
Mesh differential growth works on the concept of pushing vertices away from each other by calculating collisions with  neighboring vertices  within a threshold distance range. The mesh is split  at faces where the  edge is exceeding  the threshold  which resembles  growth of mesh edges. Open  and close meshes  both exhibit a different pattern of growth open mesh resembles forms like pedals whereas close meshes resemble cellular venation.
Painterly Forms
Painterly Forms
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